The Cambridge Brexit Report by Cambridge Brexit Report. The Cambridge Brexit Report   Published on Apr 2. The Cambridge Brexit Report is the culmination of several months’ worth of research and writing by teams of volunteer editors and writers fr..

China - Wikipedia. People's Republic of China中华人民共和国Zhōnghuá Rénmín GònghéguóArea controlled by the People's Republic of China shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green. FR-EE Valentine Full Movie.

Capital. Beijing[a]3. N1. 16°2. 3′E / 3. N 1. 16. 3. 83°E / 3.

Largest city. Shanghai[1]Official languages. Standard Chinese[2][b]Official script. Simplified Chinese[c]Recognised regionallanguages[3]Ethnic groups. Religion. See Religion in China. Demonym. Chinese.

1 Putonghua (mandarină) este limba oficială standard. Engleza are același statut de limbă oficială în Hong Kong, iar în Macao portugheza. În zone cu. ENDTIME TIMETABLE This is a modified extract from my Members’ Post 34, dated August 2, 2015. Dr J Chiappalone. My Motto: “Take it or leave it”.

Government. Unitaryone- partysocialistrepublic[5]Xi Jinping[e]Li Keqiang. Zhang Dejiang. Yu Zhengsheng. Wang Huning. Zhao Leji. Zhang Gaoli. Legislature.

• Area controlled by the People's Republic of China shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green.
• Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Easily share your publications and get.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Cambridge Brexit Report consists of twelve chapters; each has its own approach, structure, and conclusions. Salient points, key findings, and.

National People's Congress. Formationc. 2. 07. BCE2. 21 BCE1 January 1. September 1. 94. 9[7][8][9]1 October 1. December 1. 98. 22.

December 1. 99. 9Area• Total. Water (%)2. 8%[g]Population• 2. Density. 14. 5[1. GDP (PPP)2. 01. 7 estimate• Total$2. Per capita$1. 6,6.

GDP (nominal)2. 01. Total$1. 1,9. 37 trillion[1. Per capita$8,5. 82[1. Gini (2. 01. 5)4. HDI (2. 01. 5) 0. Currency. Renminbi (yuan; ¥)[h] (CNY)Time zone. China Standard Time(UTC+8)Date format.

Drives on theright[i]Calling code+8. ISO 3. 16. 6 code.

CNInternet TLDChina, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitarysovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around 1. Covering approximately 9. Governed by the Communist Party of China, it exercises jurisdiction over 2. Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing) and the Special Administrative Regions. Hong Kong and Macau, also claiming sovereignty over Taiwan.

China emerged as one of the world's earliest civilizations in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. For millennia, China's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, or dynasties, beginning with the semi- legendary Xia dynasty. Since then, China has expanded, fractured, and re- unified numerous times. In 1. 91. 2, the Republic of China (ROC) replaced the last dynasty and ruled the Chinese mainland until 1. People's Liberation Army in the Chinese Civil War. The Communist Party established the People's Republic of China in Beijing on 2.

September 1. 94. 9, while the ROC government retreated to Taiwan with its present de facto capital in Taipei. Both the ROC and PRC continue to claim to be the legitimate government of all China, though the latter has more recognition in the world and controls more territory. Since the introduction of economic reforms in 1. China's economy has been one of the world's fastest- growing. As of 2. 01. 6[update], it is the world's second- largest economy by nominal GDP and largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). China is also the world's largest exporter and second- largest importer of goods.[2. China is a recognized nuclear weapons state and has the world's largest standing army and second- largest defense budget.[2.

The PRC is a member of the United Nations, as it replaced the ROC as a permanent member of the U. N. Security Council in 1. China is also a member of numerous formal and informal multilateral organizations, including the WTO, APEC, BRICS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), the BCIM and the G2.

China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower.[2. Names. The English word "China" is first attested in Richard Eden's 1. Portugueseexplorer. Duarte Barbosa.[l][3. The Portuguese word was derived from Persian. Chīnī (چین) and some traced it further to Sanskrit.

Cīna (चीन).[3. 2] The earliest known example of Cīna being used to refer to China dates from AD 1. Although Indian writers may not have been aware of China's existence prior to the first century BC,[3. Cīna appears in Mahābhārata, as well as in the Laws of Manu.[3. In 1. 65. 5, Martino Martini suggested that the word China is derived from the name of the Qin dynasty (2.

BC),[3. 6] a proposal supported by many later scholars,[3. The official name of the modern state is the "People's Republic of China" (Chinese: 中华人民共和国; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó).

The shorter form is "China" Zhōngguó(中国), from zhōng ("central" or "middle") and guó ("state, nation- state"),[2. Zhou. Dynasty in reference to its royal demesne.[n] It was then applied to the area around Luoyi (present- day Luoyang) during the Eastern Zhou and then to China's Central Plain before being used as an occasional synonym for the state under the Qing.[4. It was often used as a cultural concept to distinguish the Huaxia tribes from perceived "barbarians"[4. English name "Middle Kingdom".[4. A more literary or inclusive name, alluding to the "land of Chinese civilization", is Zhōnghuá(中华).[4.

It developed during the Wei and Jin dynasties as a contraction of "the central state of the Huaxia".[4. Before the PRC's establishment, the proposed name of the country was the People's Democratic Republic of China (simplified Chinese: 中华人民民主共和国; traditional Chinese: 中華人民民主共和國; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Mínzhǔ Gònghéguó) during the first CPPCC held on 1. June 1. 94. 9.[4. During the 1. 95.

Kuomintang in the Chinese Civil War, it was also referred to as "Communist China" or "Red China", to be differentiated from "Nationalist China" or "Free China".[4. History. Prehistory. Archaeological evidence suggests that early hominids inhabited China between 2. The hominid fossils of Peking Man, a Homo erectus who used fire,[5. Zhoukoudian near Beijing; they have been dated to between 6.

The fossilized teeth of Homo sapiens (dated to 1. Fuyan Cave in Dao County, Hunan.[5. Chinese proto- writing existed in Jiahu around 7. BCE,[5. 4]Damaidi around 6. BCE,[5. 5]Dadiwan from 5. BCE, and Banpo dating from the 5th millennium BCE. Some scholars have suggested that the Jiahu symbols (7th millennium BCE) constituted the earliest Chinese writing system.[5.

Early dynastic rule. According to Chinese tradition, the first dynasty was the Xia, which emerged around 2. BCE.[5. 6] The dynasty was considered mythical by historians until scientific excavations found early Bronze Age sites at Erlitou, Henan in 1. It remains unclear whether these sites are the remains of the Xia dynasty or of another culture from the same period.[5. The succeeding Shang dynasty is the earliest to be confirmed by contemporary records.[5. The Shang ruled the plain of the Yellow River in eastern China from the 1. BCE.[6. 0] Their oracle bone script (from c. 1.

BCE)[6. 1][6. 2] represents the oldest form of Chinese writing yet found,[6. Chinese characters.[6. The Shang were conquered by the Zhou, who ruled between the 1.

BCE, though centralized authority was slowly eroded by feudal warlords. Many independent states eventually emerged from the weakened Zhou state and continually waged war with each other in the 3. Spring and Autumn period, only occasionally deferring to the Zhou king. By the time of the Warring States period of the 5th–3rd centuries BCE, there were seven powerful sovereign states in what is now China, each with its own king, ministry and army. Imperial China. The Warring States period ended in 2. BCE after the state of Qin conquered the other six kingdoms and established the first unified Chinese state.

King Zheng of Qin proclaimed himself the First Emperor (Chinese: 始皇帝; pinyin: Shǐ Huángdì) of the Qin dynasty. He enacted Qin's legalist reforms throughout China, notably the forced standardization of Chinese characters, measurements, road widths (i. His dynasty also conquered the Yue tribes in Guangxi, Guangdong, and Vietnam.[6. The Qin dynasty lasted only fifteen years, falling soon after the First Emperor's death, as his harsh authoritarian policies led to widespread rebellion.[6. Following a widespread civil war during which the imperial library at Xianyangwas burned,[o] the Han dynasty emerged to rule China between 2. BCE and CE 2. 20, creating a cultural identity among its populace still remembered in the ethnonym of the Han Chinese.[6.